The Kawah Ijen Volcano, the largest sulfuric acid crater lake in the world, spews blue lava.
These pictures are not Photoshopped. The Ijen Volcano of Java Island brightens the night with its electric blue flames and lava, which are surrounded by a one-kilometer-wide turquoise lake that identified as the “largest highly acidic crater lake in the world.” It has a pH balance of 0.5 due to sulfuric acid.
Blue lava | Olivier Grunewald
The Ijen Volcano sits in the Banyuwangi - Bondowoso Region of East Java in Indonesia. The sulfur reacts with the air when the lava breaches the surface, combusting into blue lava rivers.
Blue ! | Olivier Grunewald
Locals call the caldera surrounding Ijen “Gunung Merapi” which means Mountain of Fire. The burning continues twenty-four hours a day, but it’s most visible in darkess. The flames rise up to five meters high. Some of the gas condenses to liquid and still burns. Locals dubbed those instances “Blue Fire.”
Blue | Olivier Grunewald
Stratovolcanoes are conical volcanoes built up by many layers of tephra, hardened lava, volcanic ash, and pumice. They can be identified by steep profiles, and effusive and periodic explosive eruptions. Some stratovolcanoes have collapsed craters called calderas.
old map of Ijen | Wikipedia
The volcano emits hydrogen chloride gas, which reacts with water to form Kawah Ijen lake. The water’s pH balance is almost 0 and highly concentrated with hydrochloric acid.
Photo by Olivier Grunewald
“Those gas are emerging from cracks in the volcano at high pressure and temperature, up to 1,112°F (600°C). When they come in contact with the air, they ignite, sending flames up to 16 feet (5 meters) high. Some of the gas condense into liquid sulfur, which continues to burn as it flows down the slopes, and giving the feeling of lava flowing.”
Says Paris-based photographer Olivier Grunewald, who has been documenting the Kawah Ijen Volcano for several years.
Blue lava | Olivier Grunewald
Grunewald and filmmaker Regis Etienne produced a documentary about the volcano called Kawah Ijen, the Mystery of the Blue Flames.
Source : Interesting Engineering | Wikipedia | National Geographic
I began my career in the banking industry in 1997, and stayed approx 6 years in it. This industry boost his knowledge about the economic condition in Indonesia, both macro and micro, and how to
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understand it. My banking career continued in Yogyakarta when I joined in a program funded by the Asian Development Bank (ADB),as the coordinator for a program aimed to help improve the quality of learning and teaching process in private universities in Yogyakarta. When the earthquake stroke Yogyakarta, I chose to join an international NGO working in the area of ?disaster response and management, which allows me to help rebuild the city, as well as other disaster-stricken area in Indonesia. I went on to become the coordinator for emergency response in the Asia Pacific region. Then I was assigned for 1 year in Cambodia, as a country coordinator mostly to deliver developmental programs (water and sanitation, education, livelihood). In 2009, he continued his career as a protocol and HR officer at the U.S. Consulate General in Surabaya, and two years later I joined the Political and Economic Section until now, where i have to deal with extensive range of people and government officials, as well as private and government institution troughout eastern Indonesia.
I am the founder and Editor-in-Chief in Good News From Indonesia (GNFI), a growing and influential social media movement, and was selected as one of The Most Influential Netizen 2011 by The Marketeers magazine.
I also wrote a book on "Fundamentals of Disaster Management in 2007"?, "Good News From Indonesia : Beragam Prestasi Anak Bangsa di dunia"? which was luanched in August 2013, and "Indonesia Bersyukur"? which is launched in Sept 2013. In 2014, 3 books were released in which i was one of the writer; "Indonesia Pelangi Dunia"?, "Indonesia The Untold Stories"? and "Growing! Meretas Jalan Kejayaan"
I give lectures to students in lectures nationwide, sharing on full range of issues, from economy, to diplomacy
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