Vietnam’s geopark story now stretches across four internationally recognised landscapes, from northern limestone mountains to the volcanic Central Highlands. With Lang Son joining the UNESCO network in 2025 and Dak Nong preparing for its 2027 revalidation, attention is turning towards how recognition translates into lasting conservation and local opportunity.
A Growing Network, a Shared Responsibility
Lang Son became Vietnam’s fourth UNESCO Global Geopark in 2025, joining Dong Van Karst Plateau, Non Nuoc Cao Bang and Dak Nong. Its certificate presentation on June 28 brought together government representatives, scientists and local communities.
Covering more than 4,800 square kilometres, Lang Son preserves evidence of approximately 500 million years of geological history. Limestone formations, fossil beds and prehistoric caves share the landscape with Tay, Nung, Dao and San Chi communities. Traditional weaving and other cultural practices form part of the geopark’s living heritage.
This growing network offers a broader way to understand Vietnam: through the relationships between landscapes, scientific discovery and the people who call these places home.
Northern Mountains Tell Stories Across Generations
Vietnam’s geopark journey began in 2010 with Dong Van Karst Plateau, followed by Non Nuoc Cao Bang in 2018. Their recognition brought international attention to northern landscapes with exceptional geological and cultural significance.
Dong Van’s geological record stretches back more than 550 million years. UNESCO identifies 17 ethnic groups living within the geopark, making its heritage as much about communities as limestone peaks. Dong Van Ancient Quarter, with around 40 preserved houses dating back to 1890, offers a tangible connection between mountain environments and everyday life.
In Non Nuoc Cao Bang, ancient marine fossils and evolving karst landscapes sit alongside longstanding craft traditions. At Dia Tren hamlet, Nung An artisans transform tree bark into traditional paper. Such encounters give visitors reasons to spend time in villages and understand the knowledge behind locally made products.
Dak Nong Connects Lava Caves with Living Culture
Recognised in 2020, Dak Nong adds a volcanic dimension to the network. The geopark covers approximately 4,760 square kilometres and, following Vietnam’s administrative changes in July 2025, lies within western Lam Dong province.
On September 24–25, 2026, local officials attended training on conservation responsibilities, community livelihoods and preparations for the geopark’s 2027 UNESCO revalidation. Priorities include clearer interpretation of heritage sites, stronger partnerships and improved management.
Nearly 50 volcanic caves, with a combined length exceeding 10 kilometres, have been identified. Yet the landscape’s significance extends beyond its lava formations.
“The geopark’s cultural heritage is equally rich and distinctive,” Vietnamese geologist Tran Tan Van, chairman of Vietnam’s UNESCO Global Geoparks Network, told Viet Nam News. The area’s Ma, E De and M’nong communities contribute traditions that help explain its identity as the “Land of Melodies.”
Turning Recognition into Everyday Benefits
Local guiding, accommodation, craft sales and agricultural products provide practical connections between conservation and income. Research on Dong Van documents markets where communities sell honey, tea, handicrafts and buckwheat cakes, linking tourism with existing livelihoods.
Vietnam’s wider conservation network also continues to expand. The government reported 36 national parks in March 2026 after Bat Xat’s designation. National parks and UNESCO geoparks are distinct: geopark recognition does not itself impose new legal restrictions, making domestic protection and effective management essential.
Vietnam’s next achievement will be measured in more than international titles. It will depend on well-protected sites, informed visitors and communities able to shape—and benefit from—the future of their landscapes.
