Singapore’s conservation efforts have successfully boosted the population of the endangered Singapore freshwater crab (Johora singaporensis). First bred in a laboratory by National Parks Board (NParks), these crabs were introduced into Bukit Batok’s streams in 2018 and have since established a self-sustaining population. Their reproduction in the wild signals successful adaptation, according to NParks’ Dr. Karenne Tun.
This development comes amid a concerning global trend: nearly a quarter of the world’s freshwater species are at risk of extinction, as highlighted in a study published in Nature on Jan 8. The research found that 65% of the world’s wetlands face moderate to high threats due to pollution, habitat destruction, water extraction, and climate change. Singapore mirrors this pattern, with over a third of its 277 freshwater species classified as threatened, while 27 are presumed nationally extinct.
Experts like Prof. Darren Yeo of NUS attribute this decline to habitat loss, climate change, and poaching. Crustaceans, including freshwater crabs, are particularly vulnerable due to their limited mobility and dependence on specific habitats. The damming of rivers further disrupts their life cycles.
To combat these challenges, NParks has been conducting regular habitat surveys and launched the Species Recovery Programme in 2015 to strengthen native populations. Efforts have included breeding and releasing species like the muff river prawn and swamp forest crab. Conservationists stress that preserving freshwater biodiversity is crucial for ecosystem health, as these species play key roles in nutrient cycling and maintaining ecological balance.
Beyond ecological benefits, conserving native species fosters national pride and greater awareness of Singapore’s hidden freshwater ecosystems, ensuring their protection for future generations.
