Energy transition is necessity for some crucial reasons, namely the effort to tackle global warming and emission and the need to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. According to ASEAN Climate Change and Energy Project (ACCEPT II), ASEAN accounted for 4.75 percent of global emissions, with Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Philippines as the biggest emitters.
ASEAN is trying to reach its 23 percent of energy mix in 2025. By 2022, ASEAN had obtained an energy intensity reduction on 24.5 percent, indicating progress but far below the target set by ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation (APAEC) of 32 percent.
Here are the latest facts about energy transition in ASEAN described in numbers:
30.2, 2040 and 65
Data from Statista showed that as of 2023, Indonesia’s proven coal reserve stood at 30.2 billion metric tons. However, Indonesia expects for coal phase-out in 2040 and increases the energy mix target to 65 percent.
Speaking at the G-20summit in Brazil last month, Indonesia’s new president Prabowo Subianto stated that Indonesia would retire all coal and other fossil fuel-based power plants in the next 15 years.
74, 44, and 26
Coal and fossil fuels still dominate ASEAN’s power generation. According to global energy think-tank Ember Energy, fossil fuels accounted for 74 percent of power generation in 2023, dominated by coal (44 percent).
Renewable energy contributed to 26 percent, down from 28 in the previous year, due to the impact of hydro’s share drop.
72.1, 21 and 46
According to World Economic Forum’s Energy Transition Index (ETI), Singapore leads in energy transition progress, ranked 21st globally with score of 72.1 and 1st in Asia.
ETI has 46 indicators that measure energy transition progress, such as security, human resources, infrastructure, and education.
$190, 2030, and 40
The International Energy Agency (IEA) predicts that ASEAN needs $190 billion in investment to mee its climate goal in 2030.
ASEAN also needs to allocate 40 percent of its total energy investment to cleaner power technology. Endowed by renewable energy resources, investment in technologies to harness the potential of solar or biofuel is vital.
