Whenever Hanoi—Viet Nam’s culturally rich capital—is mentioned, one name always stands out: Hoàn Kiếm Lake. Spanning approximately 12 hectares with an average depth of 1 to 1.4 meters, this lake is not only a central landmark but also a bustling hub for locals and visitors alike.
Since the 15th century, the lake has silently witnessed the legendary tale of Emperor Le Loi returning a magical sword to the Golden Turtle God. This myth transformed its name from Luc Thuy (Green Water Lake) to Hoàn Kiếm—“Lake of the Returned Sword.”
Surrounded by lush trees and well-paved pathways, the lake serves as an urban oasis. In the morning, the fresh air and lively activities of locals harmonize the city’s tranquility with its dynamic pulse. By night, lights shimmering on the water create a romantic charm, making it a must-visit destination for anyone seeking the essence of Hanoi.
The Legend of the Great Turtle
Sourced from Flavors of Hanoi, The legend of Hoàn Kiếm Lake dates back to the 15th century when Emperor Le Loi led a revolt against China’s Ming Dynasty. According to folklore, the emperor received a sacred sword from the Dragon King (Long Vương) via a giant golden turtle (Kim Qui) that emerged from the lake.
The sword granted him the strength to expel invaders. After the victory, while sailing on the lake, Kim Qui reappeared to reclaim the sword. The emperor returned it, and the lake was renamed Hoàn Kiếm—a testament to the emperor’s devotion to his homeland.
This tale is more than myth. In 2011, an 80-100-year-old giant softshell turtle weighing 220 kg was discovered in the lake, reinforcing centuries-old beliefs. Tragically, pollution and habitat loss have pushed these turtles to near extinction. The death of the last known individual in 2016 underscores the urgency of preserving the lake’s ecosystem.
Must-Visit Sites Around the Lake
As Hanoi’s top tourist attraction, Hoàn Kiếm Lake is surrounded by cultural and historical landmarks. Below are key highlights:
1. Thap Rua (Turtle Tower)
Standing on a small island at the lake’s center, this tower symbolizes Viet Namese nationalism. Built in 1886, its architecture blends French and Viet Namese styles—a European-inspired base crowned by a traditional curved Asian roof. Though inaccessible, the tower is most striking when bathed in golden light at night.
2. Ngọc Sơn Temple (Temple of the Jade Mountain)
Connected by the fiery red Huc Bridge, the temple was founded in 184. Sourced from Viet Nam National Museum of History, this temple was originally dedicated to "Three Sages" Wenchang Dijun, Guan Yu, and Lü Dongbin. At some point, the national hero, Trần Hưng Đạo, was incorporated into the temple. Inside, visitors can see a collection of historical artifacts, including a preserved giant turtle statue.
3. The Huc Bridge (Cầu Thê Húc)
This red wooden bridge was built by scholar Nguyen Van Sieu in 1865. Its red color symbolizes happiness and life, while its east-facing position is interpreted as welcoming the sunrise. The bridge is often a popular photo backdrop for tourists.
4. Statue of Emperor Le Thai To
King Le Thai To Temple, located in the architectural complex at 16 Le Thai To Street (Hang Trong District, Hoàn Kiếm District), is one of the oldest monuments in Hanoi. The statue of King Le and its memorial architectural complex were built in 1894 to commemorate the king's merits in defeating the enemy and to commemorate the legend of the return of the magic sword to the Turtle God in Hoàn Kiếm Lake.
Experiencing Local Life
Beyond enjoying the natural beauty and history around Hoàn Kiếm Lake, there are also various local activities and attractions that visitors can enjoy. Visitors can enjoy the beauty of the lake by taking a leisurely walk around the lake. The fresh air and soothing scenery will make you feel relaxed and calm.
Visitors can enjoy delicious local Viet Namese food around the lake. Restaurants and food stalls line up to offer a variety of appetizing traditional dishes, such as the legendary egg coffee, pho (beef noodles), or banh mi (local sandwiches).
Every Saturday and Sunday, the area around the lake is bustling with food stalls, handicrafts, and art performances. The legendary Dong Xuan market is just a 10-minute walk away, timeless.
The Story About Hanoi, The Oldest 'Ascending Dragon' City From Viet Nam
More than just a place for recreation, Hoàn Kiếm Lake is a cultural center. Every corner holds a story, from the majestic Turtle Tower to the iconic red bridge that connects the sacred temples. For anyone visiting Hanoi, Hoàn Kiếm Lake is a reminder that beneath the bustle of the capital, there is always room for beauty, tranquility and timeless stories
