Malaysia is more than just its multicultural charm and scenic landscapes — it’s a federation of states, each with its own distinct personality. One fascinating way this individuality shines through is via the nicknames assigned to each state, often steeped in history, folklore, and local pride.
In this article, we explore the deeper meaning behind five Malaysian state nicknames that go beyond catchy phrases.
These names reflect identity, nature, and the legacy of each region — some passed down through generations, others coined by foreign observers who were once mesmerized by these places.
Sabah – Land Below the Wind
Sabah’s poetic nickname, “Land Below the Wind,” refers to its geographical position just south of the typhoon belt. This makes it a calm sanctuary spared from severe tropical storms. But the term gained popularity in the 1930s through the writings of American author Agnes Keith, who lived in Sandakan.
Her memoir Land Below the Wind painted a vivid picture of Sabah’s serenity, nature, and people. Today, the phrase symbolizes peace and natural abundance — and is commemorated annually on Agnes Keith Day, celebrated every July 6 in Sabah.
Sarawak – Land of the Hornbills
Known locally as “Bumi Kenyalang,” Sarawak’s identity is strongly tied to the majestic hornbill. Eight of the world’s 54 hornbill species can be found here, making it a birdwatcher's paradise. Among the indigenous Dayak people, the hornbill is more than a bird — it is a sacred symbol believed to represent the spirit of the gods.
The image of the hornbill graces the state’s coat of arms and has become a central figure in Sarawakian culture, especially during the annual Gawai Dayak celebration.
Melaka – Sleepy Hollow and the Venice of the East
Melaka, a city with a rich colonial past, has been called by many names. In the 1880s, British traveler and author Isabella Bird referred to it as a “sleepy hollow” in her book The Golden Chersonese, describing a quiet town suspended in time.
Later, due to its intricate network of canals and rivers, Melaka earned the moniker “Venice of the East.” These nicknames reflect Melaka’s transformation — from a calm, historic outpost to a bustling UNESCO World Heritage site that still embraces its old-world charm.
Perak – Land of Grace (Darul Ridzuan)
Perak’s official Arabic honorific, “Darul Ridzuan,” translates to “Land of Grace,” and rightly so. The state is blessed with fertile land, lush rainforests like the Royal Belum, and a regal past tied to the Malay sultanate.
Historically, Perak was one of the world’s richest tin-producing regions, fueling its growth and prestige. Today, the nickname stands as a reminder of its natural beauty, cultural depth, and historical importance in shaping modern Malaysia.
Kuala Lumpur – Garden City of Lights
Back in 1990, during the “Visit Malaysia Year” campaign, Kuala Lumpur was branded as the “Garden City of Lights.” This name was meant to evoke the capital’s vision of balancing urban modernity with green spaces.
While the term may not be widely used today, it reflects an era when KL was positioning itself as a progressive yet livable city — blending skyscrapers with parks, and vibrant street life with architectural heritage. The legacy of this vision lives on in places like Perdana Botanical Gardens and KLCC Park.
More Than Just Names
Nicknames, when given thoughtfully, offer more than just flair — they encapsulate the soul of a place. For these five Malaysian states, each moniker serves as a window into their heritage, their environment, and the values they hold dear.
Whether coined by travelers or born from local traditions, these titles continue to shape the identity and narrative of each region, enriching Malaysia’s diverse national story.
