Thailand, often referred to as "The Land of Smiles," is renowned for the friendliness and warmth of its culture and people. Thai culture is heavily influenced by religion. With approximately 95% of the country's population being Theravada Buddhists, the beliefs and values play a significant role in daily life.
Here are three social values practiced by the Thai people that can be learned and applied by everyone around the world.
Saving Face – a Form of Self-Control
In Thai society, the idea of 'face' significantly shapes social behavior. 'Face' encompasses an individual's or group's reputation, dignity, and honor. One can give face through actions by offering compliments, showing respect, or boosting another's self-esteem.
Conversely, criticizing, highlighting mistakes, or raising one's voice can lead to a loss of 'face' and bring shame. Therefore, 'face' is something that can be gained, protected, or lost. In cultures valuing 'face,' individuals exercise deliberate and restrained behavior to safeguard their self-image and how others perceive them.
Conservative behavior is generally the norm, aiming to maintain social harmony and demonstrate respect. To avoid conflict and the risk of losing 'face,' Thais often act thoughtfully and carefully. A calm and composed demeanor is the norm, while overt displays of negative emotions like anger or selfishness are avoided.
Key values in Thailand include 'respect,' 'self-control,' and a 'non-confrontational attitude.' This goes beyond mere stoicism.
Losing 'face' by showing anger or dishonesty is deeply shameful for Thai people. Regardless of internal feelings, individuals strive to maintain a positive, friendly, and humorous disposition, often accompanied by a smile.
Mai Pen Rai – It’s Alright
The Thai phrase "mai pen rai," which translates to expressions like "don't worry," “never mind”, "it's alright," or "no problem," embodies a core life perspective that emphasizes acceptance and ease. It signifies a gentle reminder that things will ultimately be fine, as in "never mind; this too shall pass,” rather than a dismissive "never mind, I’ll do it myself".
This philosophy promotes a calm approach to life's small setbacks. It encourages you not to get bent out of shape over minor incidents and disappointments in life. It’s a life philosophy that values harmony and avoiding conflict.
Rooted in Buddhist principles, it acknowledges the impermanence of all things, suggesting that what seems like a life-or-death matter probably is not. This outlook is seen as beneficial in Thailand, fostering peace and reducing aggression. For instance, disruptive behavior from an intoxicated individual is often met with indifference. Mai pen rai. It doesn’t matter. Let it go.
Sanuk – an Ethos, a Way of Life
While fun is universal, Thailand elevates it to an ethos—a way of life. Central to this is sanuk , a term that goes beyond mere amusement. Unlike frivolous fun, sanuk values enjoyment as intrinsically meaningful, turning even mundane tasks into fulfilling experiences.
Thais balance a strong work ethic with contentment, infusing playfulness into everyday routines. Smiles and laughter are common in interactions, reflecting their commitment to finding joy in all aspects of life. Remarkably, they even apply len (play) to serious activities like business meetings or academic research—joking around yet consistently achieving results.
Sanuk also serves as a coping mechanism, offering emotional resilience against life’s challenges. As Arne Kislenko notes, it acts as “an emotional buffer.” The famous Thai smile, often seen as simple happiness, is nuanced—masking stress, sadness, or discomfort, even at funerals.
Rooted in Buddhist philosophy, sanuk reminds Thais of life’s impermanence and the importance of living in the moment. This unique blend of joy, resilience, and mindfulness makes Thailand truly "The Land of Smiles".
References:
- Cultural Atlas. Thai Culture Core Concepts. culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/thai-culture/thai-culture-core-concepts
- Chai Lai Orchid. 5 Fascinating Cultural Values In Thailand. chailaiorchid.com/blog/thai-culture/
- BBC. The country where fun is a way of life. bbc.com/travel/article/20151119-can-thailand-teach-us-all-to-have-more-fun
